Common Gynecological Issues
A woman's body goes through numerous changes throughout the course of her life, including many changes to her reproductive system. Not everyone experiences every symptom, and the severity of each can vary greatly from person to person. To ensure you stay informed about what's normal and what isn't, here are the most common gynecological issues women face regarding their reproductive health.
Ovarian Cysts
An ovarian cyst is a fluid-filled sac that forms on or near the ovary. Most ovarian cysts are benign (not cancerous). Many women experience these at some point during their lives, but most don't even know it because there are no symptoms. If a cyst does cause symptoms, it is usually because it has ruptured, is very large, or is blocking the blood supply to the ovaries.
Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS)
PCOS is a hormonal disorder that can cause irregular periods, excess hair growth, and cysts on the ovaries. It affects approximately one in ten women of childbearing age. The key to managing PCOS is to keep your blood sugar level stable with diet and exercise and to reduce stress as much as possible. In more severe cases, your doctor may prescribe medications to help regulate your hormones.
Vaginal Discharge
Most women have vaginal discharge. It's a normal part of having female reproductive organs. The amount, color, and consistency of vaginal discharge can vary throughout your menstrual cycle. The changes are usually related to your hormone levels. Most of the time, vaginal discharge is nothing to worry about. However, abnormal vaginal discharge can signify something more serious, like an infection.
Heavy Periods
Many women experience heavy periods, which can be defined as bleeding that soaks through one or more sanitary pads or tampons every hour for many consecutive hours. Although heavy periods are a common problem, they can be a sign of other underlying health issues. If you have heavy periods, it is vital to talk to your doctor to rule out any other potential problems.
Vaginal Dryness
Another common gynecological issue is vaginal dryness. This can be caused by various things, such as menopause, breastfeeding, or certain medications. It can lead to discomfort during sex and increase infection risk. Vaginal moisturizers are available over-the-counter but talk with your doctor if you need help.
Stress Incontinence
Later in their lives, especially after a pregnancy, women may experience stress incontinence, which is when they leak urine when coughing, sneezing, or laughing. This is generated by weak pelvic floor muscles and can be treated with Kegel exercises, weight loss, and avoiding caffeine and alcohol.
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